Beyond age: Frailty-guided care in hematologic malignancies.

Frailty, distinct from chronological age, reflects physiologic reserve and predicts toxicity, treatment discontinuation, and survival across hematologic malignancies. The authors synthesize contemporary frailty tools and summarize disease-specific evidence in multiple myeloma, acute myeloid leukemia, and aggressive lymphomas. Integrating frailty measures can inform shared decision-making and guide the management of vulnerable populations to enhance therapeutic benefit and optimize quality of life.