Serum cholesterol levels demonstrate dynamic changes following autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with multiple myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic malignancy that depends on the bone marrow microenvironment, and obesity, along with intramedullary adipocytes, is associated with an increased risk of developing MM. Adipocytes protect MM cells from chemotherapy by secreting adipokines and activating autophagy, whereas MM cells reprogram bone marrow adipocytes. Strategies to inhibit adipocyte lipolysis have been proposed as a novel approach for treating MM. MM progression is dependent on glutamine and glucose metabolism. Lipoproteins, particularly cholesterol levels, are becoming prognostic factors in MM. However, studies on lipids lack long-term paired data. Therefore, we analyzed long-term follow-up data from 115 patients who underwent autograft at the Beijing Jishuitan Hospital over the past 7.5 years to investigate the long-term changes in lipid metabolism during the course of MM and the impact of efficacy.