Red cell distribution width as a prognostic predictor for colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: Red cell distribution width (RDW) is a simple, low-cost hematological indicator that reflects systemic inflammation and nutritional status. Nevertheless, its prognostic value in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains uncertain. The current meta-analysis aimed to determine the predictive value of preoperative RDW levels for postoperative survival outcomes in individuals with CRC.

METHODS

Adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines, the Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched for studies investigating the correlation of RDW with survival outcomes in CRC. Meta-analysis was executed using Stata 15. Subgroup analyses investigated sources of heterogeneity.

RESULTS

The analysis incorporated 16 studies, involving 20,500 individuals with CRC. Pooled results indicated that an elevated preoperative RDW-coefficient of variation (CV) was related to poorer overall survival (OS) (multivariable-adjusted pooled hazard ratio [HR] = 1.27, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00-1.60, I2 = 68%). Analysis based on RDW-standard deviation (SD) revealed stronger relevance (multivariable-adjusted HR = 1.89, 95% CI 1.31-2.72). Furthermore, a high preoperative RDW-CV independently correlated with inferior disease-free survival (multivariable-adjusted HR = 1.16, 95% CI 1.01-1.33, I2 = 54%). Subgroup analysis indicated a more consistent association of RDW with survival outcomes among subjects who did not receive neoadjuvant therapy (OS: HR = 1.64, 95% CI 1.15-2.34).

CONCLUSION

An increased preoperative RDW was independently linked to adverse postoperative survival outcomes in individuals with CRC. RDW-SD may offer superior predictive capability. As an accessible and inexpensive biomarker, RDW holds potential clinical utility for postoperative risk stratification. Nonetheless, existing research is predominantly retrospective. Standardized thresholds and measurement timing for RDW are lacking. Thus, future prospective multicenter studies are required for standardized validation.