Hypergranulation management following penile inversion vaginoplasty.

OBJECTIVE

To summarize current knowledge regarding management of hypergranulation in the context of gender-affirming vaginoplasty.

SOURCES OF INFORMATION: There have been no studies to date examining hypergranulation treatment options following vaginoplasty. Evidence from the literature on this complication in other settings and the opinions of authorities and experts in this area were used to inform this review.

MAIN MESSAGE: Hypergranulation is a common complication of vaginoplasty, but many care providers may not know how to identify or treat it. This short report will review hypergranulation after vaginoplasty, including risk factors, identification, and treatment options such as douching, silver nitrate, and topical steroids.

CONCLUSION

By increasing clinicians' knowledge of this pervasive complication, patients' postsurgical care and outcomes can be improved.