Contact lens & anterior eye : the journal of the British Contact Lens Association · 2026
Corneal biomechanical response in orthokeratology: A finite element model based on squeeze-film force.
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Peng Enxu, Chen Qi-Ou, Ning Gangmin
Аннотация
PURPOSE: This study aimed to elucidate the biomechanical mechanisms of orthokeratology (Ortho-K) by examining the effects of key lens design parameters - back optic zone diameter (BOZD) and target diopter reduction (TDR) - on corneal responses.
METHODS: A finite element model incorporating squeeze-film force theory was established to simulate corneal biomechanics under varying corneal curvatures (39.5D, 43D, and 46D) and Ortho-K lens designs targeting myopic corrections of -2D, -3D, and -4D, with BOZD values of 5mm and 6mm. Displacement fields, von Mises stress distributions, and corneal refractive power changes were quantitatively analyzed and statistically compared to assess the biomechanical response.
RESULTS: Simulation results showed that BOZD broadened the treatment zone and shifted peak stress locations peripherally, whereas TDR primarily elevated the magnitude of corneal deformation (p<0.001). Notably, central displacement (Ucenter) was governed by BOZD due to the spatial shift of squeeze-film tension, presenting an exception to the general pattern. Furthermore, both parameters significantly influenced central (Dcenter) and cumulative (RCRPsum) refractive power changes.
CONCLUSION: This study provides biomechanical evidence that BOZD primarily regulates the spatial extent and central deformation direction of corneal reshaping, while TDR controls its intensity. The inclusion of squeeze-film force modeling offers a more physiologically accurate framework for simulating Ortho-K treatment. These findings enhance the understanding of Ortho-K's therapeutic mechanisms and support the development of more personalized and effective lens designs for myopia control.
METHODS: A finite element model incorporating squeeze-film force theory was established to simulate corneal biomechanics under varying corneal curvatures (39.5D, 43D, and 46D) and Ortho-K lens designs targeting myopic corrections of -2D, -3D, and -4D, with BOZD values of 5mm and 6mm. Displacement fields, von Mises stress distributions, and corneal refractive power changes were quantitatively analyzed and statistically compared to assess the biomechanical response.
RESULTS: Simulation results showed that BOZD broadened the treatment zone and shifted peak stress locations peripherally, whereas TDR primarily elevated the magnitude of corneal deformation (p<0.001). Notably, central displacement (Ucenter) was governed by BOZD due to the spatial shift of squeeze-film tension, presenting an exception to the general pattern. Furthermore, both parameters significantly influenced central (Dcenter) and cumulative (RCRPsum) refractive power changes.
CONCLUSION: This study provides biomechanical evidence that BOZD primarily regulates the spatial extent and central deformation direction of corneal reshaping, while TDR controls its intensity. The inclusion of squeeze-film force modeling offers a more physiologically accurate framework for simulating Ortho-K treatment. These findings enhance the understanding of Ortho-K's therapeutic mechanisms and support the development of more personalized and effective lens designs for myopia control.