ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ANTI-THYROID PEROXIDASE ANTIBODY LEVEL AND THYROID FUNCTION PROFILE IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS.

BACKGROUND

Diabetes mellitus and thyroid dysfunction are the two most prevalent endocrine disorders. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are more likely to experience both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism than nondiabetic. Uncontrolled T2DM can cause insulin resistance affecting thyroid. Thyroid autoimmunity is caused by autoantibodies.

AIM: This research aims to evaluate the Association between Anti- Thyroid Peroxidase (ATPO) level and Thyroid function profile in Type 2 Diabetic Patients in Ajman-UAE.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study was conducted on patients at Thumbay Hospital, Ajman, UAE. FBG (Fasting Blood Glucose) sample collected in Fluoride oxalate anticoagulant, whole blood EDTA for HbA1c and Serum tube collected for A-TPO, Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), Free T3(FT3), Free T4 (FT4). Glucose was measured spectrophotometrically and A-TPO, TSH, FT3, FT4 were analyzed based on Electrochemiluminescence technology. HbA1c was analyzed immunoturbidimetric method.

RESULTS

A total of 250 individuals were participated in this study (125 males and females with type 2 diabetes mellitus disease compared to 125 males and females with non- diabetic). The results revealed a statistically significant difference in fasting blood glucose (FBG), HbA1c, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free T3 (FT3), and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (A-TPO) levels between type 2 diabetic patients and non-diabetic controls. Among diabetic participants, there was a significant difference in the mean values of HbA1c, FBG, TSH, and A-TPO between controlled and uncontrolled diabetic groups. Additionally, significant differences in HbA1c, FBG, TSH, and free T4 (FT4) levels were observed between male (43%) and female (57%) diabetic patients. A positive correlation was also identified between A-TPO levels and FBG, HbA1c, and TSH, indicating a potential link between thyroid autoimmunity and glycemic control.

CONCLUSION

T2DM patients who have elevated anti-TPO antibodies are at risk of developing functional thyroid problems in the future. In summary, there is a noteworthy distinction between those with diabetes and those without, and the moderate positive association between serum TSH and A-TPO in T2DM patients suggests that autoimmunity plays a part in Type 2 diabetes. We conclude that patients with diabetes mellitus require regular thyroid disease screening.