Application Value of Chemiluminescence Immunoassay in Thyroid Function Biochemical Testing.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the application value of chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) in thyroid function biochemical testing. METHODS: This study included 147 patients, classified into five thyroid function groups: overt hypothyroidism (n = 10), subclinical hypothyroidism (n = 33), euthyroidism (n = 61), subclinical hyperthyroidism (n = 14) and overt hyperthyroidism (n = 29). Thyroid function tests, including total triiodothyronine, total thyroxine, free triiodothyronine, free thyroxine, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid autoantibodies (anti-thyroid peroxidase [anti-TPO], anti-thyroglobulin), were measured using the MAGLUMI X8 CLIA analyser. Thyroid ultrasound was performed using a Hitachi Aplio500 system. Statistical analyses included one-way ANOVA, Kruskal–Wallis testing, correlation analysis and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: Significant differences in thyroid function parameters were observed among the groups. The overt hypothyroidism group showed elevated TSH (12.2 ± 11.2 mIU/L, p < 0.001) compared with the euthyroid group. The hyperthyroidism groups demonstrated elevated thyroid hormones with suppressed TSH (0.1 ± 0.1 mIU/L, p < 0.001). Both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism groups had higher thyroid autoantibody concentrations, with 45% and 52% of patients showing levels above the reference range, respectively, compared with 15% in the euthyroid group (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis identified elevated TSH (odds ratio [OR] = 1.10, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05–1.15), FT4 (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.02–1.08) and anti-TPO antibodies (OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 1.00–1.02) as independent predictors of thyroid dysfunction. Method comparison studies showed excellent correlation with enzyme immunoassay methods (r = 0.90–0.93). CONCLUSION: The CLIA method effectively differentiates between patient groups with varying thyroid function status by accurately measuring thyroid hormones, TSH and autoantibodies. It provided reliable results that aligned with clinical presentations and supported diagnostic decision-making.