[Fertility preservation in transgender individuals: medical innovation in the service of inclusivity].

OBJECTIVE

Transgender individuals face unique reproductive challenges related to medical, social, and institutional obstacles that limit access to fertility preservation. Conventional strategies for fertility preservation, adapted for cisgender populations, often poorly meet the physiological and psychosocial needs of transgender people. However, the rapid evolution of reproductive technologies is opening new perspectives for inclusive and gender-affirming fertility care. This narrative review critically examines innovative fertility preservation methods for transgender people, highlighting their clinical feasibility, ethical implications, and potential to redefine reproductive autonomy.

METHOD: A comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify reproductive technologies likely to benefit transgender populations.

RESULTS

Traditional fertility preservation techniques, such as gamete or embryo cryopreservation, remain effective but are limited by hormonal incompatibilities and the discomfort of the procedures. New approaches, including gamete retrieval without interrupting hormone therapy, in vitro maturation of gametes from cryopreserved tissues, and the generation of artificial gametes from somatic cells, are emerging as promising alternatives. Uterine transplantation and tissue biotechnologies could also expand the conceptual frontiers of reproductive medicine. However, these innovations remain largely experimental and raise complex ethical issues.

CONCLUSION

Ensuring equitable access, rigorous ethical oversight, and gender-sensitive implementation will be essential as science evolves toward more inclusive models of human reproduction.