Quantitative ophthalmic posterior segment optical coherence tomography angiography and systemic conditions.

Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) noninvasively and quantitatively images the microvasculature of the eye's posterior segment in 3 dimensions. OCTA has known utility in the diagnosis and management of certain ocular conditions and is now being used to assess systemic conditions, including respiratory, cardiovascular, renal, obstetric, neurologic, rheumatologic, and genetic conditions, among others. OCTA may improve our understanding of the pathophysiology of systemic conditions and identify biomarkers useful in their diagnosis, prognosis, and management. We detail known associations between quantitative retinal, optic nerve head, and choriocapillaris OCTA findings and clinically relevant features of systemic conditions, including laboratory markers and disease severity and prognosis. We find that the breadth and depth of such correlations solidify OCTA's role in the emerging field of oculomics, which seeks to identify ocular imaging biomarkers for use in the study and management of nonocular conditions.