Expanded interaction fingerprint method for analyzing ligand binding modes in docking and structure-based drug design.

An expanded interaction fingerprint method has been developed for analyzing the binding modes of ligands in docking and structure-based design methods. Taking the basic premise of representing a ligand in terms of a binary string that denotes its interactions with a target protein, we have expanded the method to include additional interaction-specific information. By considering the hydrogen-bonding strength and/or accessibility of the hydrogen bonding groups within a binding site as well as their geometric arrangement we aim to provide a better representation of a ligand-protein interaction. These expanded methods have been applied to the postprocessing of binding poses generated in a docking study for 220 different proteins and to the analysis of ligands generated by an automated ligand-generation algorithm for the anthrax oedema factor. In the docking study, the application of the interaction fingerprint method as a postprocessing tool resulted in an increased success rate in identifying the crystallographic binding mode. In the analysis of the ligands generated for the anthrax oedema factor, the incorporation of additional interaction-specific information resulted in a more intuitive and comprehensive analysis of automated ligand-generation output.