Septic Arthritis of the Hip in a Premature Neonate Caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis: A Case Report.

Neonatal septic arthritis is a rare but potentially destructive condition requiring prompt diagnosis and intervention to prevent long-term sequelae. We reported a premature neonate who presented on day of life 20 with refusal to move the left hip and was diagnosed with septic arthritis caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis, an uncommon pathogen in neonates without indwelling devices. Diagnostic imaging confirmed left hip septic arthritis, and surgical irrigation and drainage were performed. Operative cultures grew S. epidermidis, and the patient completed targeted intravenous antimicrobial therapy with full clinical recovery and preserved joint function. This case underscores the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for septic arthritis in premature infants and recognizing that coagulase-negative staphylococci may represent true pathogens in the appropriate clinical context.