Rare case of Primary Pulmonary Extranodal Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma in a Patient with Sjogren's Syndrome: Role of FDG-PET/CT in the Initial Staging and Evaluating Response to Treatment.
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Sartelli Massimo, Abu-Zidan Fikri M, Labricciosa Francesco M, Kluger Yoram, Coccolini Federico, Ansaloni Luca, Leppäniemi Ari, Kirkpatrick Andrew W, Tolonen Matti, Tranà Cristian, Regimbeau Jean-Marc, Hardcastle Timothy, Koshy Renol M, Abbas Ashraf, Aday Ulaş, Adesunkanmi A R K, Ajibade Adesina, Akhmeteli Lali, Akın Emrah, Akkapulu Nezih, Alotaibi Alhenouf, Altintoprak Fatih, Anyfantakis Dimitrios, Atanasov Boyko, Augustin Goran, Azevedo Constança, Bala Miklosh, Balalis Dimitrios, Baraket Oussama, Baral Suman, Barkai Or, Beltran Marcelo, Bini Roberto, Bouliaris Konstantinos, Caballero Ana B, Calu Valentin, Catani Marco, Ceresoli Marco, Charalampakis Vasileios, Jusoh Asri Che, Chiarugi Massimo, Cillara Nicola, Cuesta Raquel Cobos, Cobuccio Luigi, Cocorullo Gianfranco, Colak Elif, Conti Luigi, Cui Yunfeng, De Simone Belinda, Delibegovic Samir, Demetrashvili Zaza, Demetriades Demetrios, Dimova Ana, Dogjani Agron, Enani Mushira, Farina Federica, Ferrara Francesco, Foghetti Domitilla, Fontana Tommaso, Fraga Gustavo P, Gachabayov Mahir, Gérard Grelpois, Ghnnam Wagih, Maurel Teresa Giménez, Gkiokas Georgios, Gomes Carlos A, Guner Ali, Gupta Sanjay, Hecker Andreas, Hirano Elcio S, Hodonou Adrien, Hutan Martin, Ilaschuk Igor, Ioannidis Orestis, Isik Arda, Ivakhov Georgy, Jain Sumita, Jokubauskas Mantas, Karamarkovic Aleksandar, Kaushik Robin, Kenig Jakub, Khokha Vladimir, Khokha Denis, Kim Jae Il, Kong Victor, Korkolis Dimitris, Kruger Vitor F, Kshirsagar Ashok, Simões Romeo Lages, Lanaia Andrea, Lasithiotakis Konstantinos, Leão Pedro, Arellano Miguel León, Listle Holger, Litvin Andrey, Lizarazu Pérez Aintzane, Lopez-Tomassetti Fernandez Eudaldo, Lostoridis Eftychios, Luppi Davide, Machain V Gustavo M, Major Piotr, Manatakis Dimitrios, Reitz Marianne Marchini, Marinis Athanasios, Marrelli Daniele, Martínez-Pérez Aleix, Marwah Sanjay, McFarlane Michael, Mesic Mirza, Mesina Cristian, Michalopoulos Nickos, Misiakos Evangelos, Moreira Felipe Gonçalves, Mouaqit Ouadii, Muhtaroglu Ali, Naidoo Noel, Negoi Ionut, Nikitina Zane, Nikolopoulos Ioannis, Nita Gabriela-Elisa, Occhionorelli Savino, Olaoye Iyiade, Ordoñez Carlos A, Ozkan Zeynep, Pal Ajay, Palini Gian M, Papageorgiou Kyriaki, Papagoras Dimitris, Pata Francesco, Pędziwiatr Michał, Pereira Jorge, Pereira Junior Gerson A, Perrone Gennaro, Pintar Tadeja, Pisarska Magdalena, Plehutsa Oleksandr, Podda Mauro, Poillucci Gaetano, Quiodettis Martha, Rahim Tuba, Rios-Cruz Daniel, Rodrigues Gabriel, Rozov Dmytry, Sakakushev Boris, Sall Ibrahima, Sazhin Alexander, Semião Miguel, Sharda Taanya, Shelat Vishal, Sinibaldi Giovanni, Skicko Dmitrijs, Skrovina Matej, Stamatiou Dimitrios, Stella Marco, Strzałka Marcin, Sydorchuk Ruslan, Teixeira Gonsaga Ricardo A, Tochie Joel Noutakdie, Tomadze Gia, Ugoletti Lara, Ulrych Jan, Ümarik Toomas, Uzunoglu Mustafa Y, Vasilescu Alin, Vaz Osborne, Vereczkei Andras, Vlad Nutu, Walędziak Maciej, Yahya Ali I, Yalkin Omer, Yilmaz Tonguç U, Ünal Ali Ekrem, Yuan Kuo-Ching, Zachariah Sanoop K, Žilinskas Justas, Zizzo Maurizio, Pattonieri Vittoria, Baiocchi Gian Luca, Catena Fausto
Аннотация
METHODS: In this case-control study, we included AF samples of 75 ASD cases and 135 frequency-matched controls and measured the levels of the endogenous sex hormones, PFAS, and elements including heavy metals. The combined effect of endogenous hormones and EDCs on the receptor of estrogen (ER), androgen (AR), aryl hydrocarbon (AhR), and thyroid hormone-like activity were also determined and expressed as receptor ligand equivalents. We assessed the associations of AF levels of chemicals, sex hormones, and receptor activities with ASD risk using unconditional logistical regression analyses. To control for multiple comparisons, the false discovery rate (FDR) was used and q values less than 0.25 were designated as statistical significance.
RESULTS: PFAS and metals were detectable in AF samples. The ASD cases had significantly lower AF levels of PFAS than controls, and the adjusted odds ratio (OR) was 0.410 (95% CI 0.174, 0.967; p = 0.042; FDR qvalue = 0.437) for perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS). The principal component, including PFAS congeners, copper, iron, and estrogenic activity, was significantly inversely associated with ASD risk (adjusted OR = 0.100; 95% CI 0.016, 0.630; p = 0.014; FDR qvalue = 0.098).Testosterone level in AF weakly associated with ASD risk (adjusted OR = 1.002; 95% CI 1.000, 1.004; p = 0.05). However, after multiple comparison correction, the association was not significant (FDR qvalue = 0.437). No significant associations between AF-induced receptor transactivities and ASD risk were observed. The adjusted OR was 2.176 (95%CI 0.115, 41.153) for the ratio of the combined androgenic activity to combined estrogenic activity.
CONCLUSIONS: The presence of PFAS and heavy metals in AF indicates that they can cross the placenta. The inverse association between levels of PFAS congeners in AF and ASD risk might relate to the weak estrogenic activities and anti-androgenic activities of PFAS.The observed tendency of positive association between the ratio of combined androgenic effect to the combined estrogenic effect and ASD risk needs further studies to explore whether EDCs together with endogenous hormones play a role in the development of ASD.