Renal artery thrombosis in Behçet's disease: Case report and literature review.

RATIONALE: Behçet disease (BD) is a multisystem inflammatory vasculitis, which can affect all types and sizes of blood vessels, commonly superficial vein thrombosis, deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary aneurysm. However, renal artery thrombosis has not been yet reported. This case highlights a rare vascular complication of BD.

PATIENT CONCERNS: A 47-year-old male patient diagnosed with BD, hypertension, dyslipidemia, coronary artery disease, erectile dysfunction, and gout, presented to the emergency department for severe continuous left flank pain unrelieved by positional change, which started 3 days ago and rapidly increased in intensity. Imaging and laboratory studies revealed the presence of left renal artery thrombosis.

DIAGNOSES: Left main renal artery thrombosis due to Behçet vasculitis.

INTERVENTIONS: Endovascular thrombectomy, anticoagulation, and immunosuppressive drugs. A relapse of left renal artery stenosis occurred 6 months later treated by angioplasty and stenting.

OUTCOMES: The patient is currently under follow-up observation.

LESSONS: A high index of suspicion of renal artery thrombosis should be kept in mind in cases of patients with BD presenting with unilateral flank pain.