Acta neurologica Belgica · 2026
The effect of botulinum neurotoxin injection on non-motor symptoms of cervical dystonia: A prospective cohort.
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Kassaye Shimelis Girma, Dijkstra Femke, Maes Jana, Paredis Kaat, Taelman Cécile, Gudina Esayas Kebede, De Hertogh Willem, De Pauw Joke, Crosiers David
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Evidence on the effect of intramuscular injections of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) treatment on non-motor symptoms (NMS) and quality of life (QoL) in Cervical Dystonia (CD) remains scarce and inconsistent.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of intramuscular BoNT injections on NMS and QoL.
METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted with adult CD patients attending treatment at Antwerp University Hospital, Belgium (UZA) and a specialized private physiotherapy practice. Depression and anxiety were measured using the Beck Depression inventory (BDI-II) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI-II), respectively. Sleep quality was measured using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). QoL was measured using EuroQol-5 dimensions (EQ-5D). Paired T-test and Wilcoxon signed rank test was used for baseline and post treatment comparison.
RESULTS: A total of 29 CD patients were included. The mean age was 61.6 ± 9.25 years. The mean ± standard deviation (SD) score of the global PSQI score decreased from 10.1 ± 4.6 at baseline to 7.41 ± 4.7 post treatment. The mean (SD) BAI-II score decreased slightly from 13.5 ± 9.43 at baseline to 12.52 ± 10.2 post treatment. The median (IQR) of BDI-II score changed from 7 (5-19) to 8 (2.5-20). There was significant improvement of PSQI following BoNT treatment (MD = 2.65, P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: BoNT injection significantly improved sleep quality. However, no statistical difference was observed in depressive and anxiety symptoms. The persistence of psychiatric symptoms highlights the necessity of complementary therapy. Furthermore, additional controlled studies with larger samples are warranted to characterize the effect of BoNT on NMS.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of intramuscular BoNT injections on NMS and QoL.
METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted with adult CD patients attending treatment at Antwerp University Hospital, Belgium (UZA) and a specialized private physiotherapy practice. Depression and anxiety were measured using the Beck Depression inventory (BDI-II) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI-II), respectively. Sleep quality was measured using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). QoL was measured using EuroQol-5 dimensions (EQ-5D). Paired T-test and Wilcoxon signed rank test was used for baseline and post treatment comparison.
RESULTS: A total of 29 CD patients were included. The mean age was 61.6 ± 9.25 years. The mean ± standard deviation (SD) score of the global PSQI score decreased from 10.1 ± 4.6 at baseline to 7.41 ± 4.7 post treatment. The mean (SD) BAI-II score decreased slightly from 13.5 ± 9.43 at baseline to 12.52 ± 10.2 post treatment. The median (IQR) of BDI-II score changed from 7 (5-19) to 8 (2.5-20). There was significant improvement of PSQI following BoNT treatment (MD = 2.65, P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: BoNT injection significantly improved sleep quality. However, no statistical difference was observed in depressive and anxiety symptoms. The persistence of psychiatric symptoms highlights the necessity of complementary therapy. Furthermore, additional controlled studies with larger samples are warranted to characterize the effect of BoNT on NMS.