Patellofemoral Instability and Pain.

Patellofemoral pain and instability are debilitating conditions, most commonly presenting in a young, predominantly female patient cohort. Assessment of underlying pathophysiology requires a detailed history, focused physical examination, and proper assessment of advanced imaging. Treatment, both operative and nonoperative, is focused on reducing the risk of recurrent instability and chondral damage, to provide a patient with a pain-free, stable knee. It is essential to have a comprehensive understanding of the patient's demographic and anatomic risk profile to best determine the most appropriate and effective treatment course and mitigate their risk of recurrence.