Family-Specialized Transformer for L-cystathionine gamma-lyase Engineering and Its Structural Interpretation.

The pathogenesis of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is closely associated with mechanical friction, which leads to the up-regulation of inflammatory mediators and the degradation of articular cartilage. Injectable drug-loaded microparticles have attracted widespread interest in intra-articular treatment of TMJOA by providing lubrication and facilitating localized drug delivery. Herein, a hyaluronic acid-based microparticle is developed with excellent lubrication properties, drug loading capacity, antioxidant activity, and anti-inflammatory effect for the treatment of TMJOA. The microparticles are facilely prepared by the self-assembly of 3-aminophenylboronic acid-modified hyaluronic acid (HP) through hydrophobic interaction in an aqueous solution, which can further encapsulate diol-containing drugs through dynamic boronate ester bonds. The resulting microparticles demonstrate excellent injectability, lubrication properties, radical scavenging efficiency, and antibacterial activity. Additionally, the drug-loaded microparticles exhibit a favorable cytoprotective effect on chondrocyte cells in vitro under an oxidative stress microenvironment. In vivo experiments validate that intra-articular injection of drug-loaded microparticles effectively alleviates osteoporosis-like damage, suppresses inflammatory response, and facilitates matrix regeneration in the treatment of TMJOA. The HP microparticles demonstrate excellent injectability and encapsulation capacity for diol-containing drugs, highlighting its potential as a versatile drug delivery vehicle in the intra-articular treatment of TMJOA.