Novel Insights into the Phospholipase C Delta 3 and Its Implications in Neoplastic Diseases.

The phospholipase C (PLC) family plays a crucial role in the construction of biomembranes, cell growth, and signal transduction. PLC regulates multiple cellular processes by generating bioactive molecules such as inositol-1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG). These products propagate and regulate cellular signaling via calcium (Ca2+) mobilization and activation of protein kinase C (PKC), other kinases, and ion channels. Recently, the function of PLC delta 3 (PLCδ3) has been arousing great interests in the basic research of neoplastic diseases. It is demonstrated to affect multiple parts of tumor progression and promote glycolysis reprogramming. However, currently there are no conclusive reports regarding the mechanism of PLCδ3-mediated tumor progression and its importance as a prognostic biomarker in specific neoplastic diseases. Therefore, the present article aimed to illustrate (1) the correlation between the function of phospholipases in PLC family and tumor progression; (2) the PLCδ3-mediated tumor progression, mainly focusing on the signal transduction and regulation; and (3) its potential mechanism and vital targets involved in multiple malignancies.