Comparative analysis of condylar morphology in bruxers and non-bruxers using cone beam computed tomography.

BACKGROUND

Bruxism, the most common repetitive oral behavior, is reported widely in young adults due to excessive stress and sleep abnormalities. If left undiagnosed, it may cause pathologic alteration in condylar morphology.

METHODS

This Institutional Ethics Committee approved cross-sectional comparative study comprised of 100 patients, equally divided into groups. The study group diagnosed based on the self-reported questionnaire while control group patients were recruited retrospectively. The patients were evaluated using CBCT.

RESULTS

Flattening 26 (52%) and sclerosis 31 (62%) were more frequent in bruxers than non-bruxers (p < .05). Surface erosion 4 (8%) and osteophytes 14 (28%) were also noted in bruxers. Interestingly, non-bruxers also showed osteophytes 16 (32%) and surface erosion 9 (18%), which became the point to be focused on.

CONCLUSION

Condylar alterations were more frequently observed in participants with possible bruxism. Prompt intervention can be inculcated to halt progress of the condition.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study has been registered under Clinical trial registry - India (CTRI registration number: CTRI/2023/05/052782) on May 17, 2023.