[Bone and calcium update; diagnosis and therapy of metabolic bone disease update. Progress in X-ray analysis of bone].

In the past several decades, the method of bone mineral measurement has been establised and contributed to the advancement of clinical practice of osteoporosis. The microfocus X-ray CT has been applied to the analysis of bome microarchitecture, and recently it is possible to analyse trabecular architecture in distal radius using clinical CT. On the other hand, as to the aplication of plain radiography, standarization of vertebral fracture assessment has been progressed in parallel to the recognition of prevalent vertebral fracture as fracture risk.