Indian journal of surgical oncology · 2019
Double Pyramidal Lobe of the Thyroid Gland a Rare Variation: Case Report.
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Nawaz Ali, Asmat Shayan, Ijaz Rana, Shaikh Samiullah, Mirza Harim, Fatima Abeer, Banatwala Umm E Salma Shabbar, Zaheer Muhammad Hammad, Asmat Shumail, Khalil Abdullah, Bint-E-Hina Rimsha, Desai Paranshi, Shaikh Faizan, Khan Muhammad Arham, Azam Noor Mahal, Muhammad Qurat Ul Ain, Akbar Anum
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: Vaginismus is defined as a recurrent or persistent involuntary spasm of the musculature of the outer third of the vagina that interferes with sexual intercourse. The aim of this study was to assess the level of symptoms of depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and perfectionism among patients with vaginismus, as well as to determine if these clinical variables are related to the completion of treatment.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 20 women with vaginismus and their spouses that were referred as outpatients to Ankara University, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Consultation and Liaison Unit. All couples underwent cognitive behavioral therapy, which was administered as 40-60-min weekly sessions. At the first (assessment) session, the female patients were assessed using a sociodemographic evaluation form, the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D), the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A), the Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI), the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (MPS), and the Golombok Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction (GRISS). The male spouses were evaluated using the GRISS. The same scales were administered after the completion of treatment to those that completed the treatment.
RESULTS: The correlation between completion of treatment, and an elevated level of anxiety and self-oriented perfectionism was significant (P < 0.05). Among those that completed the study, depressive symptoms in the female patients improved (P< 0.05), and scale scores related to sexual functioning in both the males and females improved significantly (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Vaginismus is not only a sexual dysfunction, but it is related to multiple components of mental health. Anxiety and a perfectionist personality trait were important factors associated with the completion of treatment; therefore, these factors should be evaluated before treatment.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 20 women with vaginismus and their spouses that were referred as outpatients to Ankara University, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Consultation and Liaison Unit. All couples underwent cognitive behavioral therapy, which was administered as 40-60-min weekly sessions. At the first (assessment) session, the female patients were assessed using a sociodemographic evaluation form, the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D), the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A), the Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI), the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (MPS), and the Golombok Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction (GRISS). The male spouses were evaluated using the GRISS. The same scales were administered after the completion of treatment to those that completed the treatment.
RESULTS: The correlation between completion of treatment, and an elevated level of anxiety and self-oriented perfectionism was significant (P < 0.05). Among those that completed the study, depressive symptoms in the female patients improved (P< 0.05), and scale scores related to sexual functioning in both the males and females improved significantly (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Vaginismus is not only a sexual dysfunction, but it is related to multiple components of mental health. Anxiety and a perfectionist personality trait were important factors associated with the completion of treatment; therefore, these factors should be evaluated before treatment.