[Therapeutic prospects of miRNA-mediated regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome-targeted synovial cell pyroptosis in bone destruction of rheumatoid arthritis].

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by synovial inflammation and progressive bone destruction. Its pathological core lies in the aberrant activation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) and involves a cascade of pyroptosis mediated by the NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. This article systematically reviews the pathological patterns of inflammatory bone destruction in RA, with a particular focus on the role of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-Exo) in carrying microRNAs (miRNAs). These miRNAs can regulate the NLRP3 inflammasome signaling axis and play a crucial role in inhibiting FLS pyroptosis. This article provides a new perspective for RA treatment by regulating exosome miRNA to intervene in cell pyroptosis. However, the specific molecular targets, clinical translational value, and functional synergism among different non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) still need further validation.