Streptobacillus moniliformis infection: 2 cases and a literature review.

Two cases of Streptobacillus moniliformis infection are reported in farmers bitten by rats during their work. One patient had a subcutaneous abscess requiring surgical treatment and the other streptobacillary rat bite fever. Streptobacillus moniliformis was isolated from pus and blood, respectively. An erythromycin course failed to eradicate the infection in the first patient. Both patients were successfully treated with penicillin.