Uncovering hidden risk: The role of social history in identifying possible latent tuberculosis infection in primary care.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health concern worldwide, with up to 13 million individuals in the United States estimated to have latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Although active TB is rare in the general population, latent infection persists among high-risk groups such as those with a history of incarceration, homelessness, or immigration from endemic areas. This case illustrates how thorough social history-taking in a primary care setting led to the identification of possible LTBI in an asymptomatic patient presenting with fatigue. This case emphasizes the critical role of comprehensive social history in uncovering latent disease and preventing missed opportunities for intervention.