Survey of Bacterial Chondronecrosis with Osteomyelitis Lesion Incidence in Broiler Farms in Kazakhstan Regions.

Lameness associated with bacterial chondronecrosis with osteomyelitis (BCO) continues to be an important topic of great interest to global poultry production. Caused by bacterial infection of susceptible necrotic bone tissue, the disease severely affects animal health, welfare, and productivity, leading to significant economic losses annually. In recent years, the Kazakhstan poultry industry has enjoyed significant investment and strong growth, with goals of self-sufficiency within the decade. However, there remains a significant knowledge gap in poultry research in the nation, especially regarding the topic of BCO lameness. As such, this study aims to provide a preliminary evaluation of BCO lesion prevalence in different geographical regions of the country-namely Abai, Almaty, and Akmola. In each region, about 200 broilers from local poultry farms were procured, humanely euthanized, and necropsied to evaluate prevalence of femoral and tibial lesions commonly associated with BCO lameness. On average, most broilers had no damage to femoral head (78.17%) followed by femoral head separation (FHS, 11.94%), while the tibial head saw ubiquitous degrees of damage ranging from severe (71.42%) to observable (23.06%). These findings signify potential underlying issues connected to BCO lameness that will necessitate early management and intervention measures to prevent future spread of the disease.