Migration of dendritic cells facilitates systemic dissemination of Burkholderia pseudomallei.

Burkholderia pseudomallei, the etiological agent for melioidosis, is an important cause of community-acquired sepsis in northern Australia and northeast Thailand. Due to the rapid dissemination of disease in acute melioidosis, we hypothesized that dendritic cells (DC) could act as a vehicle for dissemination of B. pseudomallei. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of B. pseudomallei infection on DC migration capacity and whether migration of DC enabled transportation of B. pseudomallei from the site of infection. B. pseudomallei stimulated significantly increased migration of bone marrow-derived DC (BMDC), both in vitro and in vivo, compared to uninfected BMDC. Furthermore, migration of BMDC enabled significantly increased in vitro trafficking of B. pseudomallei and in vivo dissemination of B. pseudomallei to secondary lymphoid organs and lungs of C57BL/6 mice. DC within the footpad infection site of C57BL/6 mice also internalized B. pseudomallei and facilitated dissemination. Although DC have previously been shown to kill intracellular B. pseudomallei in vitro, the findings of this study demonstrate that B. pseudomallei-infected DC facilitate the systemic spread of this pathogen.