Emerging Treatment Options for Inclusion Body Myositis.

Inclusion body myositis (IBM) is a disabling and progressive muscle disease with no effective disease-modifying therapies. This article summarizes recent advances in IBM therapeutics, analysing the reasons for historic trial failures and highlighting more promising contemporary approaches. Improved understanding of IBM's multifaceted pathogenesis has led to development of targeted approaches-including agents modulating autophagy, myostatin inhibition, and T-cell dysregulation. In addition to pharmacologic interventions, exercise-based strategies, robotics, and surgical procedures are being explored for symptom management. Dysphagia, a major contributor to morbidity, is receiving increased attention through both conservative and interventional approaches.