Revision and reoperation in total ankle arthroplasty, a multicenter study of different prosthetic models.

BACKGROUND

Long term survival of different ankle prosthesis implanted by non-designer surgeons has not been reported.

METHODS

Cross-sectional study in three centers. Revision and reoperation were studied as markers of survival for different prosthetic models between 2002 and 2023. Primary outcomes were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier curves with variables associated with failure reported in literature.

RESULTS

127 prostheses were identified. The revision and reoperation rates over 22 years were 13.4 % and 9.5 %, respectively. Aseptic loosening (n = 14, p < 0.01) and septic loosening (n = 3, p < 0.01) were the most frequent causes associated with revision. Prosthetic failure was managed either with arthrodesis (n = 14, p < 0.01) or with revision and implant replacement (n = 3, p < 0.01). Female biological sex was associated higher risk of revision (PR = 6.7; 95 % CI 1.6 - 28.2; p-value <0.01). Chronic pain was the only variable associated with increased risk of reoperation (PR = 8.2; 95 % CI 3.1 - 22.4; p-value = <0.01).

CONCLUSIONS

Results are comparable to those reported in the literature regarding revision and reoperation. Different prosthetic models evaluated in this study provide a broader understanding of how prostheses perform when implanted by surgeons other than their creators.