Clinical and Radiological Outcomes of Treating Closed Humeral Shaft Fractures in Adults Using a Functional Brace.

INTRODUCTION

This was a prospective case series to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes of treating closed humeral shaft fractures in adults using a functional brace.

METHODS

Twelve adult patients (mean age: 36 years; range: 16-70 years) with closed humeral shaft fractures meeting the inclusion criteria were initially managed with a U-shaped slab for two weeks, followed by a functional brace until radiological union was achieved. Clinical and radiological assessments were conducted weekly during the first month post-bracing, and biweekly thereafter until union. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using Hunter's criteria. Shoulder and elbow functions were assessed using the Constant-Murley Score (CMS) and Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS), respectively. The shoulder and elbow range of motion (ROM) was measured at final follow-up. Radiological alignment was assessed in the coronal and sagittal planes at initial presentation and at the end of treatment.

RESULTS

All 12 fractures (100%) achieved union at a mean of 10 weeks (range: 7-12 weeks). According to Hunter's criteria, eight patients (66.7%) had excellent outcomes (Grade V), and three patients (25%) had very good outcomes (Grade IV). The mean CMS was 91.8, with nine (75%) patients scoring above 90. The mean MEPS was 96.2. Final angular displacement averaged 5.6° in the coronal plane and 1.5° in the sagittal plane. Spontaneous correction of displacement was observed without manipulation. No significant correlation was found between final angular displacement and functional outcomes (p > 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Functional bracing for closed humeral shaft fractures in adults results in a high union rate and excellent clinical and radiological outcomes. It is a safe and effective treatment option for this injury.