Primary lung adenocarcinoma associated with anti-Jo-1 positive polymyositis.

We present a female with anti-Jo-1 positive polymyositis and lung adenocarcinoma. Her polymyositis diagnosis was based on her clinical symptoms, electromyography results, and highly elevated muscle enzymes, including creatine kinase and lactate-dehydrogenase. Anti-Jo-1 positivity, leukocytosis and elevated tumor markers: CA 15-3 and CA 72-4 were also certified at the diagnosis. Her malignancy was finally diagnosed by transthoracic needle biopsy, two years after the appearance of first symptoms of polymyositis. After surgical removal of the tumor, polymyositis was in remission. Due to the symptoms mentioned above and the coincidence of the tumor, a paraneoplastic myositis was suspected.