Paediatric respiratory reviews · 2026
The effect of musculoskeletal abnormalities on lung function in children born with congenital diaphragmatic hernia.
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Brand H B Q, Fitzgerald H T, Haggie S, Matifoll J A Prat, Hatton L, Pandit C, Selvadurai H, D'Cruz R, Karpelowsky J, Fitzgerald D A
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Chest wall deformities (CWD) and scoliosis are common comorbidities in congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) survivors. Their effects on lung function remain unclear.
METHODS: We retrospectively analysed 184 CDH patients treated in our clinic between 1999 and 2025, of whom 166 (90.2%) survived until discharge. We matched patients with varying degrees of musculoskeletal abnormalities to controls from our cohort and compared spirometry data.
RESULTS: 6.7% of patients had scoliosis and 57.9% had CWD, most commonly asymmetry of the chest (46.4%) and pectus excavatum (42.1%). CWD were usually ipsilateral (95.4%) but the convexity of scoliosis varied. 5/12 scoliosis patients received treatment, and none of the CWD patients. Moderate CWD was associated with lower forced vital capacity in univariate (Z-score effect size -2.08, p < 0.01) and multivariate (-1.53, p = 0.015) analyses.
CONCLUSIONS: Chest wall deformities are common in children born with congenital diaphragmatic hernia. More severe chest wall deformities in CDH were associated with a lower forced vital capacity.
METHODS: We retrospectively analysed 184 CDH patients treated in our clinic between 1999 and 2025, of whom 166 (90.2%) survived until discharge. We matched patients with varying degrees of musculoskeletal abnormalities to controls from our cohort and compared spirometry data.
RESULTS: 6.7% of patients had scoliosis and 57.9% had CWD, most commonly asymmetry of the chest (46.4%) and pectus excavatum (42.1%). CWD were usually ipsilateral (95.4%) but the convexity of scoliosis varied. 5/12 scoliosis patients received treatment, and none of the CWD patients. Moderate CWD was associated with lower forced vital capacity in univariate (Z-score effect size -2.08, p < 0.01) and multivariate (-1.53, p = 0.015) analyses.
CONCLUSIONS: Chest wall deformities are common in children born with congenital diaphragmatic hernia. More severe chest wall deformities in CDH were associated with a lower forced vital capacity.