Robotic-Assisted Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion.

Instrumentation of the spine has a long history with the advent and eventual evolution of a number of devices, specifically the pedicle screw which is the primary method of instrumenting the thoracolumbar spine. Traditionally, these were placed using anatomical landmarks; however, as technology has advanced, we have seen the integration of fluoroscopy, navigation, and now robotics for assistance. The integration of robotics into spine surgery has led to increased research and industry investment, which continues to push this promising new technology forward. This paper provides an overview of the robotic arm's effects on surgical outcomes, explores the revolutionary technology behind its remarkable performance, and describes its use in minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion which maximizes efficiency.