Principles of Anatomy and Function in Wrist Imaging.

Three-dimensional hand movements combined with high stability of the wrist require precisely coordinated systems. The biomechanics of the carpal bones is based on the dynamic interaction between bone and joint architecture, ligament support, stabilization via extrinsic muscles, fine motor control via intrinsic muscles, and neuromuscular control loops. The proximal carpal row is an intercalated segment through which forces are transmitted from the forearm to the mid-carpus and fingers distally. Depending on the movement, the proximal carpal row must constantly change shape and position while maintaining its height. This review will improve understanding of carpal anatomy and biomechanics. A sound knowledge of these topics is essential for the early detection of wrist diseases, particularly instability patterns.