Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis for repairing diastemal mandibular fractures in dromedary camels.

Mandibular diastemal fractures represent a significant clinical problem in dromedary camels and are frequently encountered during rut season due to aggressive behavior and biting. Although bone plating provides stable fixation, it is often associated with considerable soft tissue trauma. Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) has emerged as a biological fixation method that intends to preserve fracture biology while reducing surgical invasiveness. The present study aimed to develop a MIPO technique for repairing diastemal mandibular fractures and to evaluate its clinical outcomes in dromedary camels. Thirty-five camels with confirmed diastemal mandibular fractures underwent closed fracture reduction and fixation using a dynamic compression plate inserted through two small skin incisions distant from the fracture site. Operated camels were monitored to assess fracture healing and procedure related complications. Fracture stabilization was successfully achieved in all cases with minimal soft tissue manipulation, and the technique was easily applied while providing sufficient fracture alignment. Satisfactory functional recovery and acceptable cosmetic outcomes were achieved in 28 camels. Mild postoperative complications were observed in seven cases, comprising screw contact to premolar teeth (n = 3), limited superficial wound discharge (n = 2), and fistula development (n = 2); all were successfully managed with local care and antimicrobial therapy. Overall, the MIPO approach resulted in stable fracture fixation with minimal morbidity and favorable clinical outcomes, indicating its effectiveness as a surgical technique for treating diastemal mandibular fractures in dromedary camels.