Screening and Management of Sleep Disorders in Patients with Fibromyalgia Syndrome: A French Multicenter, Prospective, Observational Study.

INTRODUCTION

This study investigates the prevalence of sleep disorders among patients with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) in French pain clinics, addressing a gap between international and national data. It also aims to describe associated factors such as quality of life (QoL), pain, daily functioning, and psychological symptoms.

METHODS

The study included 508 patients with an average age of 46 ± 10 years. Patients attending a specialized chronic pain center, either at their initial consultation or within the first year of follow-up, completed online self-administered questionnaires. Questionnaire were related to sleep disorders, pain, anxiety and QoL.

RESULTS

In this sample, sleep disorders were highly prevalent among French patients with FMS (95.3% with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) > 5; 69.9% with PSQI > 10). More than 13% were identified as being at high risk for sleep apnea, and 60% reported symptoms suggestive of restless leg syndrome (RLS). The median scores on the Brief Pain Inventory were 6.0 (Q1: 5.3-Q3: 7.0) for pain severity and 5.9 (Q1: 4.7-Q3: 7.1) for pain interference. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale revealed a median anxiety score of 11.0 (Q1: 9.0-Q3: 15.0). Regarding the impact of FMS on daily life, the median score on the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire was 59.0 (Q1: 44.0-Q3: 71.0).

CONCLUSIONS

In contrast to French estimates, this study revealed a high prevalence of sleep disorders among patients with FMS, underscoring a gap in care. A substantial proportion of patients were at high risk for RLS and a clinically relevant risk for sleep apnea. Anxiety, depression, and reduced QoL were also highly prevalent, reflecting the complex and multifactorial burden of FMS. These findings highlight the need for a comprehensive, patient-centered approach that includes targeted management of sleep disturbances as a core component of fibromyalgia care.