Annals of anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : official organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft · 2026
Embryonic and early fetal development of the human scapholunate ligament.
СтатьяНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Sánchez-Montesinos, Hita-Contreras F, Hernández-Cortés P, Chato-Astrain J, Carriel, Alaminos M, Roda O
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: although the development of the human wrist ligaments has been studied, to our knowledge, a detailed study of the development of the scapholunate ligament during the embryonic and early fetal period has not been performed.
METHODS: we have analyzed 32 human embryos ranging from 8 to 31 mm of crown-rump length, and 26 fetuses ranging 33-102 mm long.
RESULTS: our observations showed that, in Carnegie stage 20 (20 mm), we can observe a mass of mesenchymal tissue between the cartilaginous anlages of the lunate, the scaphoid and the radius, that in stage 22 (22 mm) adopts the shape of a septum that delimits two articular cavities between the radius with respect to the scaphoid and the lunate. In fetuses of 52 mm (week 11) the regression of this septum begins in a dorso-palmar direction and is no longer present in 12-week specimens. Finally, in week 14 the morphology of the scapholunate ligament is similar to the C-shaped configuration described in adult life, with a broader dorsal part, which becomes thinner in its distal part, and forms a condensed proximal band. In most palmar sections, a rest of that septum remains, which could be an indication of the presence of the radioscapholunate ligament.
CONCLUSIONS: our findings allow us to provide a detailed description of the origin and chronological development of the scapholunate ligament, and these results may be of help in better understanding the etiopathogenesis and the possible clinical and biomechanical implications related to the injury of this anatomical structure.
METHODS: we have analyzed 32 human embryos ranging from 8 to 31 mm of crown-rump length, and 26 fetuses ranging 33-102 mm long.
RESULTS: our observations showed that, in Carnegie stage 20 (20 mm), we can observe a mass of mesenchymal tissue between the cartilaginous anlages of the lunate, the scaphoid and the radius, that in stage 22 (22 mm) adopts the shape of a septum that delimits two articular cavities between the radius with respect to the scaphoid and the lunate. In fetuses of 52 mm (week 11) the regression of this septum begins in a dorso-palmar direction and is no longer present in 12-week specimens. Finally, in week 14 the morphology of the scapholunate ligament is similar to the C-shaped configuration described in adult life, with a broader dorsal part, which becomes thinner in its distal part, and forms a condensed proximal band. In most palmar sections, a rest of that septum remains, which could be an indication of the presence of the radioscapholunate ligament.
CONCLUSIONS: our findings allow us to provide a detailed description of the origin and chronological development of the scapholunate ligament, and these results may be of help in better understanding the etiopathogenesis and the possible clinical and biomechanical implications related to the injury of this anatomical structure.