Nature aging · 2025
Single-cell immune aging clocks reveal inter-individual heterogeneity during infection and vaccination.
СтатьяНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Li Wenchao, Zhang Zhenhua, Kumar Saumya, Botey-Bataller Javier, Zoodsma Martijn, Ehsani Ali, Zhan Qiuyao, Alaswad Ahmed, Zhou Liang, Grondman Inge, Koeken Valerie, Yang Jian, Wang Gang, Volland Sonja, Crişan Tania O, Joosten Leo A B, Illig Thomas, Xu Cheng-Jian, Netea Mihai G, Li Yang
Аннотация
Aging affects human immune system functionality, increasing susceptibility to immune-mediated diseases. While gene expression programs accurately reflect immune function, their relationship with biological immune aging and health status remains unclear. Here we developed robust, cell-type-specific aging clocks (sc-ImmuAging) for the myeloid and lymphoid immune cell populations in circulation within peripheral blood mononuclear cells, using single-cell RNA-sequencing data from 1,081 healthy individuals aged from 18 to 97 years. Application of sc-ImmuAging to transcriptome data of patients with COVID-19 revealed notable age acceleration in monocytes, which decreased during recovery. Furthermore, inter-individual variations in immune aging induced by vaccination were identified, with individuals exhibiting elevated baseline interferon response genes showing age rejuvenation in CD8+ T cells after BCG vaccination. sc-ImmuAging provides a powerful tool for decoding immune aging dynamics, offering insights into age-related immune alterations and potential interventions to promote healthy aging.