Biochemical Ferrous Ions (Fe2+) Mediated Fenton Reaction: A Biological Prodigy for Curing and Developing Autoimmune Rheumatoid Arthritis and Cancer.

Iron is an essential trace element for the human body, but having too much or too little of it can cause various biological issues. When ferrous ions react with hydrogen peroxide, they create highly reactive and soluble hydroxyl radicals that can damage cells through oxidation. This reaction, known as the Fenton reaction, can cause lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis. Understanding how Fenton reaction-mediated ferroptosis works is crucial in treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Whether supplementing iron to induce ferroptosis or suppressing Fenton reaction-mediated ferroptosis is the key to regulating the pathophysiology of RA and cancer. Therefore, targeting ferroptosis regulators could be a promising new direction in developing therapeutic drugs for RA and cancer, which warrants further research.