Major histocompatibility complex expression in muscle of rats with graft-versus-host disease.

Immunohistochemical examination of rat skeletal muscle during graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), a systemic immune reaction, was performed to investigate specific immune reactivities focusing on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) expression and inflammatory cell infiltration of skeletal muscle during a systemic immune reaction. MHC class II expression and inflammatory cell infiltration did not increase. MHC class I was expressed along the contour of muscle fibres, and most strongly expressed by the cells which were distributed throughout the endomysium and perimysium. Seventy-six percent of these MHC class I+ cells carried endothelial cell-markers, while 24% of them did not. The latter cells were revealed not to be inflammatory cells such as lymphocytes, granulocytes or macrophages when examined by immunostaining using several exudate-cell markers. Neither were they myosatellite cells because they were located outside the basement membrane. These results may be useful for considering animal models of inflammatory myopathies such as polymyositis and dermatomyositis.