Active and passive smoking and risk of ulcerative colitis: A case-control study in Japan.
Обработка статьи · этапы, ошибки и управление
Ошибки и ограничения
История · было → стало
Состояние обновляется каждые 5 секунд, пока блок открыт. Процент показывается только там, где известен объём работы. Пауза останавливает продолжение этапа; текущий запрос к источнику может завершиться.
Nishikawa Atsushi, Tanaka Keiko, Miyake Yoshihiro, Nagata Chisato, Furukawa Shinya, Andoh Akira, Yokoyama Tetsuji, Yoshimura Naoki, Mori Kenichiro, Ninomiya Tomoyuki, Yamamoto Yasunori, Takeshita Eiji, Ikeda Yoshio, Saito Mitsuru, Ohashi Katsuhisa, Imaeda Hirotsugu, Kakimoto Kazuki, Higuchi Kazuhide, Nunoi Hiroaki, Mizukami Yuji, Suzuki Seiyuu, Hiraoka Sakiko, Okada Hiroyuki, Kawasaki Keitarou, Higashiyama Masaaki, Hokari Ryota, Miura Hiromasa, Miyake Teruki, Kumagi Teru, Kato Hiromasa, Hato Naohito, Sayama Koji, Hiasa Yoichi, Japan Ulcerative Colitis Study Group
Аннотация
METHODS: A self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain information on smoking and potential confounding factors in 384 cases with a diagnosis of UC within the past 4 years and 665 controls.
RESULTS: Compared with having never smoked, having ever smoked was associated with an increased risk of UC (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.70, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.23-2.37). No association was observed between current smoking and risk of UC, but former smokers had a significant elevation in risk (adjusted OR = 2.40, 95% CI: 1.67-3.45). There was a positive dose-response relationship with pack-years smoked (P for trend = 0.006). Among never smokers, passive smoking exposure at home was significantly associated with an increased risk of UC (adjusted OR = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.30-2.79). A significant dose-response gradient was also observed between pack-years of passive smoking at home and risk of UC (P for trend = 0.0003).
CONCLUSIONS: We confirmed that former smoking elevated the risk of UC, whereas an inverse association between current smoking and the risk of UC did not reach a statistically significant level. Passive smoking may be associated with an increased risk of UC.