[Chronic tibialis anterior syndrome.].

Chronic tibialis anterior syndrome affects most frequently adolescent sportsmen. It is manifested by pain on the anterior side of the leg and sometimes also by claudications after burdening. The cause is hypertrophy of the m. tibialis anterior which leads to increased subfascial pressure and thus development of the syndrome. The diagnosis is frequently incorrect and the condition is treated as periostitis or enthesopathy. As the cause is increased subfascial pressure after burdening, causal treatment is fasciotomy of the anterior compartment of the leg. The authors present a case of bilateral syndrome in a female canoeist operated at the age of 19 years. Key words: chronic tibialis anterior syndrome, chronic compartment syndrome, compartment syndrome.