Open forum infectious diseases · 2025
Clinical Epidemiology of Dengue and COVID-19 Co-infection Among the Residents in Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2021-2023: A Cross-sectional Study.
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Sharif Nadim, Opu Rubayet Rayhan, Khan Afsana, Saha Tama, Masud Abdullah Ibna, Naim Jannatin, Martinez Zaily Leticia Velázquez, García Carlos Osorio, Alsuwat Meshari A, Alzahrani Fuad M, Alzahrani Khalid J, De la Torre Díez Isabel, Dey Shuvra Kanti
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Co-infection of dengue and COVID-19 has increased the health burden worldwide. We found a significant knowledge gap in epidemiology and risk factors of co-infection in Bangladesh.
METHODS: This study included 2458 participants from Dhaka city from 1 December 2021 to November 30 2023. We performed the Kruskal-Wallis test and χ2 test. Multivariable logistic regression was also performed.
RESULTS: Co-infection of dengue and COVID-19 was found among 31% of the participants. Coprevalence of dengue and COVID-19 was found in higher frequency in Jatrabari (14%) and Motijhil (11%). Severe (65%, P = .001) and very severe (78%, P = .005) symptoms were prevalent among the participants aged >50 years. Long-term illness was prevalent among the participants with co-infection (35%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 33-36) and COVID-19 (28%; 95% CI, 26-30). Co-infected participants had a higher frequency of heart damage (31.6%, P = .005), brain fog (22%, P = .03), and kidney damage (49.3%, P = .001). Fever (100%) was the most prevalent symptom followed by weakness (89.6%), chills (82.4%), fatigue (81.4%), headache (80.6%), feeling thirsty (76.3%), myalgia (75%), pressure in the chest (69.1%), and shortness of breath (68.3%), respectively. Area of residence (odds ratio [OR], 2.26; 95% CI, 1.96-2.49, P = .01), number of family members (OR, 1.45; 95% CI ,1.08-1.87; P <.001), and population density (OR, 2.43; 95% CI, 2.15-3.01; P = .001) were associated with higher odds of co-infection. We found that coinfected participants had a 4 times higher risk of developing severe health conditions (OR, 4.22; 95% CI, 4.11-4.67; P = .02).
CONCLUSIONS: This is one of the early epidemiologic studies of co-infection of dengue and COVID-19 in Bangladesh.
METHODS: This study included 2458 participants from Dhaka city from 1 December 2021 to November 30 2023. We performed the Kruskal-Wallis test and χ2 test. Multivariable logistic regression was also performed.
RESULTS: Co-infection of dengue and COVID-19 was found among 31% of the participants. Coprevalence of dengue and COVID-19 was found in higher frequency in Jatrabari (14%) and Motijhil (11%). Severe (65%, P = .001) and very severe (78%, P = .005) symptoms were prevalent among the participants aged >50 years. Long-term illness was prevalent among the participants with co-infection (35%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 33-36) and COVID-19 (28%; 95% CI, 26-30). Co-infected participants had a higher frequency of heart damage (31.6%, P = .005), brain fog (22%, P = .03), and kidney damage (49.3%, P = .001). Fever (100%) was the most prevalent symptom followed by weakness (89.6%), chills (82.4%), fatigue (81.4%), headache (80.6%), feeling thirsty (76.3%), myalgia (75%), pressure in the chest (69.1%), and shortness of breath (68.3%), respectively. Area of residence (odds ratio [OR], 2.26; 95% CI, 1.96-2.49, P = .01), number of family members (OR, 1.45; 95% CI ,1.08-1.87; P <.001), and population density (OR, 2.43; 95% CI, 2.15-3.01; P = .001) were associated with higher odds of co-infection. We found that coinfected participants had a 4 times higher risk of developing severe health conditions (OR, 4.22; 95% CI, 4.11-4.67; P = .02).
CONCLUSIONS: This is one of the early epidemiologic studies of co-infection of dengue and COVID-19 in Bangladesh.