Global Species/Biovars and Genotype Diversity Atlas of Brucella spp. - 102 Countries, 1923-2020.

WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS TOPIC?: Brucella spp. are facultative intracellular bacteria that can infect many species of animals and humans.

WHAT IS ADDED BY THIS REPORT?: The global Brucella demonstrates distinct territorial distribution patterns: B. abortus predominantly in Africa and North America, B. melitensis dominates in Asia and Europe, and B. suis is most prevalent in Europe. B. melitensis exhibits the highest host and genotype diversity, with most strains isolated from human cases, indicating persistent animal reservoirs and repeated human transmission. Brucella spp. demonstrates region-specific lineage distributions: African B. abortus strains cluster within abortus B lineage, while Asian, American, and European strains group within abortus C. Eastern Mediterranean B. melitensis strains show predominant distribution across Asia and Europe, while B. suis strains display genetic heterogeneity across different geographical regions.

WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH PRACTICE?: While B. melitensis represents a global public health challenge, B. abortus and B. suis pose more localized concerns. Implementation of livestock brucellosis control programs is essential for reducing human health risks.