Sleep quality in pregnant women with lumbopelvic pain: prevalence of clinically significant sleep disturbance and comparison in clinical outcomes between pregnant women with and without clinically significant sleep disturbance.

OBJECTIVE

To characterize sleep quality (SQ), determine the prevalence of clinically significant sleep disturbance (CSSD) and poor SQ in pregnant women with lumbopelvic pain (LBPP), compare quality of life (QoL), functionality, anxiety, and depression between those with and without CSSD, and correlate SQ with pain intensity, QoL, disability, anxiety, and depression.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study included pregnant women with LBPP, ≥ 20 gestational weeks (GW). Participants completed an electronic form with sociodemographic information and questionnaires to assess QoL (SF-36), functionality (Oswestry Disability Index), SQ (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), and anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale). Participants were divided into two groups: CSSD (PSQI ≥ 10) and non-CSSD (PSQI < 10).

RESULTS

Fifty-six pregnant women with LBPP were included, presenting a median score of 6 [4.5-6] points on the PSQI (i.e., poor SQ). Thirteen (23%) pregnant women with LBPP were classified in the CSSD group (31 ± 3 years, 28 ± 6 GW) and 43 in the non-CSSD group (27 ± 5 years, 28 ± 6 GW). The CSSD group presented greater disability (p = 0.01), higher anxiety (p = 0.002) and depression (p = 0.0004), and lower functional capacity (p = 0.03), general health status (p = 0.03), vitality (p = 0.01), social (p = 0.0008) and emotional (p = 0.01) aspects, and mental health (p = 0.001) compared to the non-CSSD group. Moderate correlations were observed between SQ and disability, anxiety, and depression.

CONCLUSION

Pregnant women with LBPP exhibited poor SQ, 23% presented CSSD and 71% poor SQ. Those with both LBPP and CSSD showed greater disability, anxiety, and depression, and poorer QoL compared to pregnant women with LBPP but without CSSD.