Multifunctional MXene/PVDF nanofiber membrane with electroactivity and mild photothermal effect for guided bone regeneration.

Bone defects have become a major challenge restricting the long-term success of dental implant restoration. Conventional barrier membranes often exhibit limited capability in guided bone regeneration, particularly in severe defect cases. To address these issues, a novel multifunctional MXene/PVDF nanofiber membrane was fabricated via electrospinning. First, the membrane possesses favorable mechanical and physical barrier properties, effectively preventing the invasion of soft tissue cells into the bone defect area while providing stable mechanical support. Second, the composite membrane is endowed with excellent "electroactive + mild photothermal" functionality. Through in vitro cellular assays and in vivo animal experiments, we have demonstrated that the membrane exhibits good biocompatibility and can promote bone tissue regeneration through the combined effects of electrical response and photothermal stimulation. Finally, the long-term chemical stability and safety of the MXene/PVDF nanofiber membrane have been preliminarily validated. In summary, the MXene/PVDF nanofiber membrane exhibits outstanding "barrier + electroactive + mild photothermal" performance and holds great potential for guided bone regeneration.