[Metacarpophalangeal Joint Arthroplasty: Therapeutic Value].

Pain and limited range of motion of the metacarpophalangeal joints lead to a significant loss of function in the affected finger as well as the entire hand. This is particularly relevant in cases of rheumatic joint destruction but also in the rarer instances of osteoarthritis of the metacarpophalangeal joints. To restore joint function, numerous arthroplasties made of different materials have been developed to enable an alloplastic replacement of these joints. However, mostly due to a high rate of complications, the majority of these prostheses were soon withdrawn from the market.In the long term, the silicone implant in its different designs is established as the reference standard for metacarpophalangeal joint replacement. The further development of new endoprostheses should therefore aim to achieve a greater longevity combined with improved functionality. The outcomes achievable with silicone implants remain the key benchmark. Good function and pain reduction after implantation can usually be achieved. Moreover, the success of metacarpophalangeal joint endoprosthetics depends significantly on precise surgical technique and on intensive, individualized postoperative rehabilitation.