[The association of stromal mesenchymal cells with the bone substitute for the treatment of non-union of long bones, an alternative to autologous spongy grafts: a case report].

Bone is the most transplanted human tissue. Surgical interventions for bone repair are necessary for various pathologies such as nonunion, osteoporosis or osteonecrosis. Although autologous bone grafts remain the benchmark for bone regeneration, they unfortunately have a number of disadvantages: the need for a second intervention and the limited amount of tissue removed. Synthetic bone substitutes overcome some of these drawbacks, but their osteoinductive properties do not make it possible to treat significant bone losses. Cellular therapies based on mesenchymal stromal stem cells (MSC) in combination with bone substitutes may be alternatives to autologous bone grafting. It is in this context that we report the case of a patient with congenital dysplasia treated for non-union of the femur. The association of mesenchymal stem cells with bone substitute allowed us to obtain consolidation after 6 months.