[Prevention of zoonoses: creation of a unit for early detection of animal infections].

In a context in which known and potential zoonoses are emerging (simian retrovirus infections, SRAS, West Nile, H5N1 avian influenza, etc.), French army veterinarians have been tasked with assessing epidemiological risks related to animals in proximity with troops, particularly during foreign operations. They have already completed surveys of more than 70 infections (toxoplasmosis, leishmaniasis, rickettiosis, leptospirosis, Q fever, hepatitis E, Rift valley fever, etc.). The strategy consists of detecting pathogenic agents ("the right sample, at the right time, and kept in the right conditions") in reservoir animals and vectors, upstream of epidemics. The authors propose to set up a flexible and mobile animal infection detection unit, working closely with hospital physicians, veterinarians and specialized microbiology laboratories. This would be an efficient tool for anticipating, preventing and combating zoonoses.