Benign osteoma with Gardner syndrome: review of the literature and report of a case.

Gardner syndrome, a variant of familial adenomatous polyposis, is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by gastrointestinal polyps that develop in the colon as well as in the stomach and upper intestine (duodenum), multiple osteomas, and skin and soft tissue tumors. Cutaneous findings include epidermoid cysts, desmoid tumors, and other benign tumors. Polyps have a 100% risk of undergoing malignant transformation; consequently, early identification and therapy of the disease are critical. Osteoma is a benign neoplasm of bone tissue that is characterized by slow continuous growth and is the most common accompanying bone lesion seen in Gardner syndrome. The authors report a case of Gardner syndrome that was operated on because of the mandibular osteoma.