Osteoporosis knowledge, health beliefs, and self-efficacy in UK men with prostate cancer: a cross-sectional primary care survey.

BACKGROUND

Men with prostate cancer (PC) are at increased risk of fragility fractures due to age, the disease itself, and cancer treatment, such as androgen-deprivation therapy. Despite the burden of fragility fractures on individuals and the healthcare systems, preventative measures are poorly implemented for this patient population.

AIM: This study aims to explore osteoporosis knowledge, health beliefs, and self-efficacy among men with PC, and how these factors differ across socioeconomic groups. Findings will inform a tailored, integrated bone health intervention for men with PC.

METHOD: A cross-sectional survey was conducted across eight general practices in an urban city in the UK from November 2024 to January 2025. Data collected included sociodemographic information; osteoporosis risk factors; and three validated questionnaires: FOOQ & MOKQ, OHBS, and OSES. Data were analysed using SPSS.

RESULTS

Of 516 eligible men,197 responded (38.2% response rate). Participants demonstrated low osteoporosis knowledge (mean scores: 48.2% FOOQ, 33.5% MOKQ), yet showed moderate motivation and belief in the benefits of exercise and calcium. Self-efficacy scores were moderate (OSE-exercise: 69.6; OSE-calcium: 71.4). Men with older age, lower education, and greater deprivation tend to have poorer knowledge and more barriers to exercise. In addition, 19.6% reported falls in the previous 12 months.

CONCLUSION

Men with PC have limited understanding of osteoporosis despite increased risk. Our findings highlight the need for a tailored, person-centred intervention co-produced with patients, to support bone health self-management with practical guidance, and integrated into the primary care pathway for PC.