A patient with minimal change disease and acute focal tubulointerstitial nephritis due to traditional medicine: a case report and small literature review.

Gongjin-dan (GJD) is a traditional formula that is widely used in Korea and China, and it has been used from 1345 AD in China to improve the circulation between the kidneys and the heart and to prevent all diseases. However, its adverse effects have not yet been reported. We present a patient with minimal change disease and focal tubulointerstitial nephritis associated with GJD. A 72-year-old man visited the clinic for generalized edema 20 days after starting GJD. His serum albumin level was low and nephrotic-range proteinuria was detected. A kidney biopsy showed minimal change disease and acute tubulointerstitial nephritis. After stopping GJD, a spontaneous complete remission was achieved. We discuss the possible pathogenesis of GJD-induced minimal change disease and review the adverse effects of GJD's ingredients and traditional Chinese medicines that can induce proteinuria. We report a new adverse effect of GJD, which might induce increased IL-13 production and an allergic response, leading to minimal change disease and focal tubulointerstitial nephritis.